No. The Ch'an and Pure Land schools survived and continued to flourish. Most Ch'an practitioners lived in mountains and woodlands, growing their own food. They didn't rely much on either society at large or the Buddhist texts. The Huichang Persecution and chaos of the Five Dynasties had a limited impact on the Ch'an and its transmission continued. (Many Ch'an temples have been preserved all over China.) As for the Pure Land school, though the writings of Master Shandao were lost, his thought and advocacy of rebirth in the Pure Land through Amitabha-recitation survived, because of their simplicity and ease of practice. However, the school's teachings later merged with those of other paths. The convergence made them different from the thought of Master Shandao.

Fortunately, many of the scriptures lost in China had been passed to Korea and Japan, and were preserved there. During the Five Dynasties, the works of Tiantai school were transmitted back from Korea, as were some of the Huayan school. The two lineages revived. Towards the end of the Qing Dynasty, many texts of the Sanlun, Yogacara, Esoteric and Vinaya schools, together with the works of Master Shandao, returned to China from Japan.

From Buddhism for Beginners – Questions and Answers